General-The emphasis in General Management focuses on breadth rather than depth, and is designed to prepare an executive capable of understanding and contributing to policy formulation and implementation in each of the major domains of present-day managerial practice
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In spite of the points made above, the value of DNA analysis cannot be dismissed. In fact, we must recognize that DNA analysis has successfully linked people of Jewish descent, even when mixing with local populations is likely. This raises questions about the apparent absence of genetic markers for Hebraic descent that we might expect or hope to find occasionally among the DNA of modern Native Americans.

Torroni et al. (1993a) used RFLP analysis of Y-chromosomes to compare two Jewish groups, the Sephardim and Ashkenazim, with each other as well as Czechoslovaks and Lebanese. They found both groups of Jews to be similar to each other and quite different from the Czechoslovaks. But both Jewish groups were also closely related to Lebanese. Related conclusions came from Hammer et al. (2000), who found that a common pool of Y-chromosome haplotypes exist in Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations, and that Jewish communities show relatively little evidence of paternal ad

Bacterial DNA does not increase serum corticosterone concentration or prevent increases induced by other stimuli.
Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport 71130, USA.

Bacterial DNA containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG DNA) and other microbial molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have a broad range of immune stimulatory effects, which may include many shared cell signaling pathways leading to enhanced cytokine production. Some cytokines activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and their production is downregulated by products of the HPA axis (glucocorticoids). Because such interactions have practical implications in the clinical use of CpG DNA, the present study was done to examine the effects of CpG DNA and LPS on serum corticosterone concentrations. In contrast to LPS, administration of CpG DNA (DNA from Escherichia coli) (30-300 microg) alone did not significantly increase serum